Transcribed Image Text: After viewing the MRI and talking with Elaine, Dr. Leutz strongly advised her to have reconstructive surgery on the ACL and to use conservative therapy on the

Transcribed Image Text: After viewing the MRI and talking with Elaine, Dr. Leutz strongly advised her to have reconstructive surgery
on the ACL and to use conservative therapy on the partially torn medial collateral ligament. First, though,
he wanted her to “pre-hab”-that is, take physical therapy for several weeks-in order to have the knee and
leg in the best possible shape before the surgery. She was also instructed to use a more substantial brace. Dr.
Leutz described the procedure: either a cadaver tendon OR the middle third of her patellar tendon would be
removed and used to replace the ACL, which would be removed. Elaine opted to use her own tendon.
Five weeks later, Elaine went in for surgery. She was given a drug used for conscious sedation as well as a
general anesthetic. Through the arthroscope the surgeon noted significant injury to both the medial and
lateral menisci, which he repaired with sutures and screws. The pieces of the torn ACL were removed. A
superficial incision was made in the midline of her right knee and a piece of patellar tendon was removed,
along with the attaching small pieces of bone to use for the grafting procedure. Unfortunately, when the
piece of patellar bone was chiseled out, the patella itself fractured. The fracture was repaired with metal
screws, the incision was closed, and Elaine was discharged from the hospital.
Questions
1. are the primary movements of the knee joint?
2. muscle groups are the most important in flexion and
extension of the knee?
3. happens to muscle and bone tissue when they are not
used?
4. Why could a tendon be used to replace a ligament? nt:
think histology.
5. Consider the overall structure of the knee joint. (You may
wish to draw a picture or label a diagram.) type of
membrane lines the joint? is its function? Was it cut
in any way during the surgery?
6. Of the structures injured (patella, MCL, ACL, menisci),
which will heal the fastest? Why?
7. Every incision will form some sort of scar. is the term
for scarring of a tissue? cell type is most important for
scar formation?